Clinical and Hormonal Impacts of Unilateral Polycystic Ovarian Morphology (PCOM)

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of fertile age. The prevalence, time of onset, and severity of clinical features vary among different ethnic and racial groups. Though there is significant reproductive, endocrine, and metabolic morbidity of PCOS. The existence of unilateral PCO suggests that PCOS may be a primary ovarian disorder. To detect the correlation between the unilateral polycystic ovarian morphology and clinical presentations and hormonal profile of women with unilateral PCOM. An observational study was conducted at Al-Zahraa University Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, through the period from December 2020 to September 2021 on 60 women with unilateral polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) confirmed by ultrasound. Data about Clinical features, associated diseases, family history, hormonal levels, and ultrasonography were collected in all patients to exclude other disorders that mimic these clinical features of PCOS. The present study revealed that the mean ovarian volume of PCO had a significant negative correlation with FSH and a significant positive correlation with LH/FSH ratio, and prolactin hormone. The mean follicle number per ovary (FNPO) of PCO had a significant positive correlation with LH, LH/FSH ratio, and AMH. There was a statistically significant increase in E2 (pg/mL) hormone and AMH (ng/mL) in virgin and married women with unilateral PCO. There were no significant differences in FSH, LH, LH/FSH ratio, Total testosterone, DHEA-S, and prolactin hormone between married women with unilateral PCO and virgins with unilateral PCO. We propose that Unilateral PCOM that was diagnosed accidentally during transvaginal ultrasound examination may have no impact on clinical presentations or hormonal profile, thus the presence of unilateral PCOM may be primarily an ovarian disorder.